partial nephrectomy offers lower renal function impairment and equivalent oncological survival outcomes compared with radical nephrectomy in those with T1 tumors. As urology has embraced the gradual shift from open to minimally invasive surgery (MIS), PN is being completed more often by laparoscopic and robotic methods . The first laparoscopic transperitoneal partial nephrectomy was reported in 1993 by Winfield, with the retroperitoneal approach introduced 1 year later With advancing robotic technology and the development of the DaVinci system, urologists began to explore the realm of roboti
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